Lessons by Subject Outline - Remedies
- 1. Overview
- 1.1. Historical Perspective / Relation Between Rights & Goals
- 1.2. Relation to Substantive Common Law vs. Statutory
- 1.3. Classification and Ordering of Remedies
- Equitable Remedies - An Overview (REM02)
- Characterizing Remedies (REM03)
- 1.3.1. Compensatory Remedies
- 1.3.2. Coercive, Preventative Remedies
- 1.3.3. Declaratory Remedies
- 1.3.4. Restitutionary Remedies
- 2. Damages
- 2.1. Compensatory damages
- 2.1.1. Terminologies and Basic Concepts (Compensatory Damages Defined; "General" vs. "Special" Damages; "Actual" Damages; "Out-of-Pocket" Damages; Pecuniary vs. Non-pecuniary Damages; Economic and Pecuniary Damages; Non-economic Damages; Consequential Damages
- 2.1.2. Measurement of Compensatory Damages (Formulas for measuring compensatory damages; diminution in value; cost of repair/restoration; etc.)
- 2.1.3. Valuation of Compensatory Damages (value and time; value and place)
- 2.1.4. Interests Protected (expectancy interest; reliance interest; restitution interest)
- 2.1.5. Mitigation of Damages
- 2.1.6. Collateral Source Rule
- 2.1.7. Interest as Damages (conventional interest; judgment interest; pre-judgment interest)
- 2.2. Consequential Damages
- 2.3. Punitive Damages
- 2.3.1. Overview of Punitive Damages (Historical development; purposes and applications)
- 2.3.2. Limitations on Punitive Damages (actual injury; culpable misconduct; higher burden of proof; statutory limitations, i.e., “tort reform”)
- 2.3.3. Proving Punitive Damages (Greater quantum of proof; evidence of defendant’s “net wealth”; “ratio rule” re: proportionality; bifurcated trial re: liability vs. damages; discretion re: size of award)
- 2.4. Adjustments to Damage Awards
- Adjustments for Present Value and Future Inflation (REM21)
- 2.4.1. Adjustments for “Present Value” and “Future Inflation”
- 2.4.2. Adjustments for Future Income Taxes
- 2.1. Compensatory damages
- 3. Agreed Remedies
- 3.1. Liquidated damages
- 3.1.1. Compensable damage requirement
- 3.1.2. Exclusivity
- 3.1.3. Over or under compensatory
- 3.2. Limits on remedies for breach
- 3.1. Liquidated damages
- 4. Equitable Remedies
- 4.1. Law and equity in history
- 4.2. Overview of Forms of Equitable Relief
- 4.3. Irreparable injury & adequacy of the remedy at law
- 4.4. Discretionary (practicalities) Foisting
- 4.5. Equitable remedies by statute
- 4.6. Ripeness & mootness
- 4.7. Court's burden
- 4.8. Limitations on Injunctive & Equitable Relief
- 4.9. Rights to Jury & Equitable Cleanup
- 5. Provisional Injunctive Relief
- 5.1. Temporary Injunctive relief
- Preliminary Injunctive Relief (REM15)
- 5.1.1. Mechanics & Procedural Due Process
- 5.1.2. Bonds
- 5.1.3. Appellate Review
- 5.2. Permanent Injunctions
- 5.3. Modification
- 5.4. Framing/Specificity
- 5.5. Substantive Limitations on Injunctive Relief
- 5.5.1. Prior Restraint and Speech
- 5.5.2. Injunctions against Prosecution
- 5.5.3. Injunctions against Crimes
- 5.5.4. Injunctions against Civil Litigation
- 5.5.5. Injunctions against Elections and Voting
- 5.1. Temporary Injunctive relief
- 6. Restitution
- 6.1. Unjust enrichment
- Restitution: Unjust Enrichment (REM22)
- 6.1.1. Volunteer Principle
- 6.1.2. "Choice" principle
- 6.1.3. Mistake in payment
- 6.1.4. Expectation of payment
- 6.1.5. Compared to irreparable injury requirement
- 6.1.6. Elements of a Prima Facie case
- 6.1.7. Methods to avoid
- 6.1.7.1. Quasi contract
- 6.2. Valuation
- 6.3. Good or services provided in an emergency situation
- 6.4. Apportionment of benefits
- 6.4.1. Indivisibility
- 6.4.2. Culpability of defendant
- 6.5. Remedies
- 6.5.1. Apportionment of profits
- 6.5.2. Constructive Trust and Equitable Lien
- 6.5.3. Subrogation, Indemnity and Contribution
- 6.5.4. Constructive trusts
- 6.6. Tracing principles
- 6.6.1. Following and limitations on following
- 6.7. Mistake of Fact
- 6.1. Unjust enrichment
- 7. Remedies for Injuries to Relationships
- 7.1. Overview
- 7.1.1. Intentional interference - tort
- 7.2. Remedies for Interference with or injury to economic relationships
- 7.3. Remedies for breach of professional duty (malpractice)
- 7.4. Remedies for injuries to personal relationships
- 7.5. Remedies for breach of fiduciary duty
- 7.1. Overview
- 8. Remedies for Injury to Reputation
- Defamation Remedies (REM29)
- 8.1. Overview of remedies for injuries to reputation
- 8.2. Injury to reputation
- 8.3. Injunctions - publication
- 9. Remedies for Injuries to Personal Dignity
- 9.1. Remedies for interference with or injury to privacy
- 9.2. Remedies for violations of civil rights
- 9.3. Remedies for misuse of legal process
- 10. Remedies for Bodily Injury
- 10.1. Overview of Damages for Personal Injury
- 10.2. Lost income and lost earning capacity
- 10.3. Medical expenses
- 10.4. Non-economic damages
- 10.5. Remedies in Wrongful Death and Survivorship Actions
- 10.6. Remedies for Wrongful Conception, Birth, etc.
- 11. Remedies for Injuries to Personal Property
- 11.1. Overview
- Fundamentals of Damages for Harms to Personal Property (TRT20)
- 11.1.1. Total
- 11.1.2. Partial
- 11.1.3. No market value to property
- 11.1.4. Unique Personal Property (including pets)
- 11.2. Remedies for Harms to Interests in Physical Integrity of Personal Property
- Damages for Harms to Interests in Physical Integrity of Personal Property (TRT23)
- 11.2.1. Conversion
- 11.2.2. Trespass to chattels
- 11.3. Remedies for Harms to Use & Enjoyment (trespass to chattels & conversion) in Personal Property
- 11.4. Remedies for Harms to Possessory Interest in Personal Property
- 11.5. Replevin
- 11.1. Overview
- 12. Real Property Remedies
- 12.1. Overview of remedies for harms to real property
- 12.2. Remedies for harm to buildings & fixtures
- 12.3. Remedies for harm to natural resources (including trees, crops, minerals, etc.)
- 12.4. Remedies for interference with or harm to title (cloud on title, defamation of title, etc.)
- 12.5. Remedies for interference with or harm to possessory interests in real property (Unauthorized occupancy; Trespass)
- 12.6. Remedies for interference with or harm to interests in the use and enjoyment of real property (Nuisance)
- 12.7. Remedies for harm to the physical integrity of real property (Waste, good faith improvements, etc.)
- 13. Rescission
- Election of Remedies Doctrines (REM18)
- 13.1. Overview
- 13.1.1. Basis for Rescission
- 13.1.2. Mechanics/Scope of Rescission
- 13.2. Rescission at law vs. in equity
- 14. Specific Performance
- Specific Performance (CON55)
- 14.1. Requirements for Fashioning Relief
- 14.1.1. Certainty of terms in the contract
- 14.1.2. Ability to perform
- 14.1.3. Mutuality of remedy
- 14.1.4. Fairness
- 14.1.5. Performance sought must be legal
- 14.1.6. Abatement
- 14.2. In Context (e.g. personal service & service contracts)
- 15. Fraud and Misrepresentation
- Defenses (CON12)
- 15.1. Fraud Overview
- 15.1.1. Economic damages
- 15.1.2. Promissory fraud
- 15.1.3. Fraud causation
- 15.1.4. Reliance as a requirement
- 15.1.5. Non-disclosure
- 15.1.6. Fraudulent fiduciaries
- 15.2. Negligent misrepresentation
- 16. Contract Remedies
- Contract Tutorials on Remedies (CON08)
- An Introduction to Contract Remedies (CON42)
- 16.1. Employment contracts
- 16.1.1. Employee against the employer
- 16.1.1.1. Injunctive relief - reinstatement
- 16.1.1.2. Quantum meruit
- 16.1.2. Employer against the employee
- 16.1.2.1. Equitable remedies
- 16.1.2.2. Employee's breach of fiduciary duty
- 16.1.1. Employee against the employer
- 16.2. Construction contracts
- 16.2.1. Owner's remedies - contractor breaches
- 16.2.2. Contractor's remedies - owner breaches
- 16.3. Sale of real property
- Contract for Purchase and Sale 2: Remedies and the Merger Doctrine (PPL51)
- 16.3.1. Buyer's remedies
- 16.3.2. Seller's remedies
- 16.4. UCC Sale of Goods
- 16.4.1. Overview
- 16.4.2. Buyer
- 16.4.3. Seller
- 16.5. Landlord-Tenant Actions
- Landlord and Tenant: Constructive Eviction (PPL53)
- Landlord and Tenant: Delivery of Possession and Title Covenants (PPL52)
- Landlord and Tenant: Quiet Enjoyment (PPL41)
- 16.5.1. Landlord’s Remedies for Breach of Lease
- 16.5.2. Landlord’s Remedies for Wrongful Possession
- 16.5.3. Tenant’s Remedies for Interference with Possession
- 16.5.4. Tenant’s Remedies for Interference with Use
- 16.5.5. Enforcement of Security Deposits
- 17. Declaratory Remedies
- 17.1. Overview
- 17.2. Quiet Title and Other Equitable Actions
- 17.3. Reformation
- 18. Defenses
- 18.1. Impact of the merger of law & equity
- 18.2. Laches
- 18.3. Unclean hands
- 18.4. In pari delicto
- 18.5. Statutes of limitations
- 18.6. Equitable estoppel
- 18.7. As against the government
- 19. Enforcement of Judgments and Decrees
- 19.1. Enforcement of Money Judgments
- 19.1.1. Direct
- 19.1.2. Indirect
- 19.2. Civil Contempt
- Contempt Overview (REM19)
- 19.2.1. Contempt
- 19.2.2. Coercive
- 19.3. Compensatory contempt
- 19.4. Defenses to contempt
- 19.5. Criminal Contempt
- 19.1. Enforcement of Money Judgments
- 20. Attorney Fees
- Recovery of Attorneys Fees (REM23)
- 20.1. Entitlement
- 20.1.1. Fee Shifting
- 20.1.2. Exceptions to the American rule
- 20.2. Measurement
- 20.3. Policy Issues
- 21. Constitutional Torts
- 21.1. Qualifications
- 21.2. Restrictions
- 21.3. Hurdles to Recovery
