This lesson considers equal protection and affirmative action. It treats the beginnings of affirmative action, the level of scrutiny that applies to affirmative action, the special context of affirmative action and education, and affirmative action and the political process, including redistricting.

Discovery is the court-related process during litigation through which the parties exchange information relevant to the dispute, including "documents" and "things." In 1970, the rule was amended to add "data compilations." As digital methods of communication and data storage became increasingly common, the discovery rules changed again. They now include a separate category called "electronically stored information" (ESI).

The lesson concerns the applicability of the Equal Protection Clause to the federal government, a constitutional doctrine often known as "reverse incorporation." It can be used as class preparation, review, or as a supplement.

This Lesson considers race under the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment as well as under other constitutional provisions, with the exception of "affirmative action" which is the subject of a separate lesson. It can be used as an introduction or as review.

This lesson is an advanced exercise in the removal of civil actions from state to federal court. It explores the common strategies plaintiffs employ to thwart removal and the counter-strategies defendants use to defeat plaintiffs' forum choice.

This is a lesson on two types of personal jurisdiction: transient and general. This lesson also covers the important related topic of domicile.

The Lesson concerns the constitutional doctrine and theories of incorporation regarding whether the federal government, the state government, or both are bound by the specific individual constitutional rights in the Bill of Rights.

This lesson is an introduction to the Rule 506(b) and 506(c) exemptions in Regulation D. Each of these exemptions exempts offerings from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933.

Before taking this lesson, students should have a basic understanding of the Securities Act of 1933 and its registration requirement.

This is an introductory lesson about using District of Columbia secondary sources. The secondary sources that are featured in this lesson will help students when they are searching for pertinent discussion and information about District of Columbia law and references to relevant District of Columbia primary sources of law.

This lesson is an introduction to Securities Act Rule 701, which exempts offers and sales of securities pursuant to compensatory benefit plans. It discusses the conditions which an issuer is required to meet to avoid registering such an offering.